A modern audience Essay

But her marriage to will is all a practical arrangement as she is good at her job and Will is a skilled craftsman. As this partnership moves on the pair become more successful, they manage to pay back Mrs Hepworth the loan she gave then to get started and we see a more romantic side to Maggie as she saves a flower from her wedding day bouquet.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I thought I’d press it in my bible  For keep sake† A factor about Maggie that would appeal to a modern audience is that she is very intelligent. She controls the accounts and organises everything at Hobson’s. She taught Will to read and write, because Will was born into the lower class she was not properly educate and so he was illiterate but Maggie changed that by educating him herself:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I’ll just set you a short copy, for tonight.†Ã‚  Maggie is honest and fair, when Albert and Freddy are trying to get more money than they agreed out of Mr Hobson, she knows he cannot afford what they are asking and so she gets them down to a more realistic price:  Ã¢â‚¬ËœI know perfectly well what father can afford to pay, and it is not a thousand pounds nor anything like a thousand pounds.’ Maggie is also humble because she is not afraid to ask for help when she needs it. She asks Mrs Hepworth for money as her and will haven’t got any from their previous jobs because Hobson didn’t pay Maggie and Will came from a lower class and had little pay, all to get married and start up a good business  Ã¢â‚¬Å"We’ve paid back Mrs Hepworth what she lent us for our start and made a bit o’ brass on top o’ that.†Ã‚  At the beginning of the play Will lacked self-confidence and he was poor. He was also a victim of Hobson’s exploitation:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What does she want to praise workmen to his face for?† But Will is a talented craftsman and a skilled worker which is why Mrs Hepworth complimented him and asked that he makes her shoes in the future:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"These are the best-made pair of boots I’ve ever had. Now, you’ll make my boots in future.†Ã‚  This is a great compliment for a working class man because they were not often praised for their work and didn’t often do so well. This is a point about Will that would appeal to a modern audience.  Will, like many other working class in the 1880’s could not read at the start of the play but due to Maggie’s help he learns how to read and write. By starting up his own business shows he is a good business man and he pays off Mrs Hepworth the money back she lent the couple to get the business started. â€Å"We’ve paid off Mrs Hepworth what she lent us for our start.†Ã‚  Will is from a working class background; he is one of Hobsons boot hands and suffers social prejudice from Maggies sisters Alice and Vicky but now is near equal class to them but they still see him form a lower class and treat him with a lack of respect  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Will Mossop do you know who you are talking to?†Ã‚  As the play progresses Wills confidence increase as he now dares to stand up to Hobson, Alice, Vicky and Maggie  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I’ll take you into partnership and give you a half share†. The Audience may find Wills character comical due to his sayings â€Å"Well by gum†Ã‚  And make the viewers laugh. When Maggie tells Will she wants to marry him he is a bit worried at tries to back down from the proposal because he did not love her, but they get their partnership up and running and as the story continues he realises that he can learn to love and give Maggie the respect she needs to create a successful business. From the start to the end of the play Will Mossop changes a lot. He went from working in Hobson’s cellar to owning his own successful business and being married to Maggie. His main change was that he went from poverty to being a member of the working/middle class. By doing this he has made his way up the social ladder, which was very hard to do in the 19th century. Wills struggle could be compared to a dream going from rags to riches. In my opinion this would be the most important factor about Will that would appeal to a modern audience.  Maggie’s determination to make a success of hers and Willie’s marriage and the business that they start would make her popular with a modern audience because she did not really love Will when they were married, but she had to do something to get away from Mr Hobson, her authoritarian father and she also managed to get her sisters married.

Swot Analysis: Javanet Internet Cafe

SWOT Analysis: JavaNet Internet Cafe Business Overview JavaNet Internet Cafe is to be the first high tech internet cafe in Eugene, Oregon. The cafe will provide computer equipment, as well as high speed internet access as well as coffee and bakery items. The appeal of this company is to provide advanced internet services to the public that may not be affordable in home use. Also, the business plan includes a training staff to assist new internet users in learning the basics of the internet. The goal of this plan is to provide an upscale social and educational environment for those who desire internet access as well as social interaction and technical assistance. Strengths JavaNet has sought out a knowledgeable staff who are eager to teach internet basics to new users. They have purchased state of the art equipment which will appeal to users who may not be able to afford the best equipment in their home or office. The company will offer a higher-class environment than other coffee houses or internet cafes. The amenities will include hard wood tables and booths, track lighting, local art, and upscale coffee house equipment. The business appears to have sufficient capital from grants and investors to maintain operations for the first year. The small scale of the business requires only a small staff, and the business model appropriately includes the necessary management. The market segments are accurately identified as a split between new internet users, and the more experienced â€Å"power users†. The business plan includes appropriate services for both segments. The marketing plan is effective for this type of business. Local advertisement and newspaper ads will be appropriate for the local scale of the business. Weaknesses Like any other technology based company, JavaNet is heavily dependent on a rapidly changing market. Computer technology, to include hardware and software as well as the users evolve very quickly. While computer technology may require the most attention in a dual service business such as this one, the other half should not be neglected. It seems as though not enough thought has gone to the coffee shop aspect of the business. In order to be competitive with the high volume of coffee shops in Eugene, a staff who is knowledgeable and trained in making and serving specialty drinks will also be necessary. Opportunities Since this business was to open in 1998, the demand for public internet access was high. In Eugene, Oregon, JavaNet would be the first cafe to offer internet access as well as specialty coffee. There are several high end coffee suppliers in the region and wholesale cost for quality coffee beans is relatively low compared to resale value. The demand for gourmet coffee is high, and should do well with the quickly growing interest in internet access. At the time, in 1998, home internet access was not affordable for everyone, and the dial up services were certainly not as fast as the T2 connections being offered by JavaNet. Access to new and expensive Software applications would be available to customers that would not normally be available unless the person had access to an office or school computer lab. Threats The greatest threat to this business plan may be offering services that are appealing enough to bring customers from their home to the cafe. As technology advances, the cost of ownership for high tech computing and internet equipment goes down. The equipment that is available in the cafe may soon be available for home purchase at an affordable cost. Having seen the â€Å"future† since the start up of this business, we now know that high speed internet access is available in the home at a very affordable price. Many larger, mainstream food franchises now offer wi-fi (high speed wireless internet access) in their establishments. McDonald's and Starbucks are two of the first companies to offer free wi-fi in almost all of their United States locations. For JavaNet to remain successful and competitive, the owners and staff must continually modify and evolve their business plan to be one step ahead of the services that are offered for in-home use. In 1998, a high speed internet connection along with laser printing and access to popular software, such as Adobe Photoshop and Microsoft Office applications were not affordable to many for home use. Ten years later, most of these items are commonplace in the home. Another threat will be competition from similar businesses. While JavaNet may be at the front of the Cybercafe wave in Eugene, similar businesses will be starting in the near future. The owners and operators must be able to foresee the competition and have the ingenuity to offer cutting edge services that are not available from the competition. References Internet Cafe Business Plan. (n. d. ). Retrieved July 18th, 2009, from http://www. bplans. com/internet_cafe_business_plan/executive_summary_fc. cfm

Internet Censorship Research Paper Essay

Imagine a place where you had access to any information you needed, at any time. Some might say that this place may not exist, but others could say that this defines the Internet. The Internet gives you access to all sorts of wonderful knowledge and other content, but with good comes some bad. Countries throughout the world have begun, or are trying to begin, censoring the Internet of these bad things. Many countries in the Middle East and North African States have taken to filtering entire websites on religious grounds (Dobby) and just last year, several bills, such as SOPA (Stop Online Piracy Act) and Protect IP (Prevent Real Online Threats to Economic Creativity and Theft of Intellectual Property act) proposed shutting down â€Å"rogue† websites that contained copyrighted property, but Internet censorship walks the fine line between protecting the public and preventing free speech. The problem with censorship is that once it starts, there may be no stopping it, and would violate the First Amendment, freedom of speech. Mariam Adas, a Facebook campaign organizer for Jordanians against censorship, believes that there’s no way to do it right. Government will use blocking offensive/copyrighted/pornographic material as a precedent and then further block and filter other political, social and media websites (Ghazal). The aforementioned American bills, SOPA and Protect IP, where so carelessly written, that they would have the power to entirely shut down full websites, such as Facebook, Wikipedia and YouTube for content submitted by users (Hitzik). To pass censorship laws like these would totally contravene our own Amendments. Free speech is the right to speak you opinion in public without censorship. To take away that right would be unconstitutional, and un-American. For example, the British Matthew Woods, 19 years old, was sentenced to 12 weeks in jail for simply posting drunken, distasteful jokes about a recent abduction of two girls. While the remarks where horribly offensive, no one should be prosecuted for using their voice, and that voice should not be censored. Doing such will lead our culture into believing it has a right not to be offended (Chu). One of the main reasons for supporting Internet censorship is to protect children from seeing indecent materials, such as pornography. This is understandable, but it is unfair to hinder adults from viewing adult materials, and for this reason there are many ways that parents and guardians can protect their children from such things, says Adas. One may contact their internet provider, or download applications to filter out inappropriate websites (Ghazal). Filters are also placed on moral and religious standing. The dilemma is that there are many different moral and religious standings, and attempting to filter the Internet to a point that pleases every group would be impossible. People should be afforded the right to use their own discretion and self-adjudicate on what they would like digest. In the end, the issue of Internet censorship is always controversial. Nevertheless, America is a society based on freedom, and the right to free speech does not belong only to the press, but to each individual person. This freedom of should be extended to the Internet, no exceptions. A quote, by Robert A. Heinlein comes to mind: â€Å"The whole principle is wrong [censorship]; it’s like demanding that grown men live on skim milk because the baby can’t eat steak. † Works Cited Chu, Henry. â€Å"Britain Wrestles with Free Speech on Web. † Los Angeles Times. 09 Nov 2012: A. 1 SIRS Issues Researcher. Web 05 Mar 2013 Dobby, Christine. â€Å"Muslim Countries Filter Web on Faith Grounds, Report Says. † National Post. 04 Aug 2011: FP. 12. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 05 Mar 2013. Ghazal, Mohammed. â€Å"Internet Freedom Activists See Bad Precedent in Drive to Censor Porn Sites. † Jordan Times. 02 May 2012. N. P. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 27 Feb 2013. Hitzik, Michael. â€Å"Big Guns Take Aim at Internet Piracy. † Los Angeles Times. 11 Dec 2011: p. B. 1. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web 25 Mar 2013.

Fibre-reinforced plastic Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Fibre-reinforced plastic - Coursework Example The aerospace, marine, construction and automotive industries are the most frequent users of FRPs. Traditional firms that supply carbon are Cytec, Toray, Hexcel, Formosa Plastics, SGL Group and Mitsubishi Rayon (Vasile, 2002, p.22). FRP composite materials that occur naturally are made from two or even more constituent materials. These component materials usually have differing chemical and physical properties, and they include resins and fibres (ngcc). They remain distinct and separate in the finished product to form the components of the FRP. Most of these composites have stiff and strong fibres in a matrix that is less stiff and weaker. The objective of this is to ensure that the final product is stiff and strong but with a very low density. In particular cases, contractors prefer thermoplastic polymers, which are mouldable after the final production. There has been the development of newer and more advanced forms of ERPs. Some of these improvements include more modern reinforceme nt styles such as nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes and development of high-performance resin systems. Fibre reinforced polymer components have become necessary substitutes or enhancements for development in infrastructure and structures typically constructed using traditional engineering materials, which include steel and concrete. FRP components are non-corrosive, lightweight and exhibit particular high strengths (Starr, 1999, p.34). Traditional firms that supply carbon are Cytec, Toray, Hexcel, Formosa Plastics.

Understanding Surveys and Samples Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Understanding Surveys and Samples - Essay Example a hypothesis as â€Å"a tentative explanation of the research problem, a possible outcome of the research, or an educated guess about the research outcome† (Hatch, 2002). Thus, a hypothesis is a temporary prediction about the nature of the relationship that exits between two or more variables. The study has developed the following two hypotheses that take both the null and alternative approach. The analysis of two or more variables together makes it important for the researcher to point out the relationship between the two variables involved in the study. Two variables are independent if a change in one does not consequently cause a change in the other. In the case that one of the variables causes a change in the other then the first variables is known as an independent variable and the latter a dependent variable (Sharp, Peters, & Howard, 2002). In the two questions identified above, domestic violence in the first question is the independent variable while psychological consequences are the dependent variable. In the second question, the independent variable is psychological problems while the dependent variable is the normal development. The following definitions will act as operational definitions for the following variables used in the study. These are based on the various understandings by different scholars on the meaning of the terms and how they are used in day to day interactions. Domestic violence will be taken to mean developed pattern of assaultive and coercive behavior which could take the form of physical, psychological, emotional or economic coercion that is seen to occur between a couple (Champion, 2000). This definition will thus focus on the family where children exist and not any other adult relationship. The definition will only consider what the children can see happen in the family and not what they are not able to observe. Psychological problems will be taken to represent patterns of behavior or psychological symptoms that have an effect

Writing letter, Memorandum and email Assignment

Writing letter, Memorandum and email - Assignment Example eedom of speech, and to showing all sides of an issue make it troubling to print a retraction of the article, or to publish an apology, as you suggested in your own letter. If we were to retract the article, Blaze’s readership would no longer trust the other articles we print, and our circulation would plummet. This would not only have a negative effect on the quality of our journalism, as we would be unable to retain top writers, but would create a deep reduction in the efficacy of our advertising. However, you will be pleased to know that your view is by far the majority. Blaze received many letters over Mr. Smith’s article on vaccines, and fully two-thirds of them did not agree with the author. If your company would like to draw up an equally objective article in response to Mr. Smith’s, Blaze would be more than happy to run it in the next issue, along with a selection of letters from readers who both agreed with and disagreed with his assessment. This will allow your company to properly address its complaints without sacrificing the objectivity and engagement with debate that our readers have come to expect from Blaze Magazine. In closing, please know that we do understand the situation that this puts you in as our advertiser, and deeply regret this. We thank you for supporting Blaze over the years, and hope that this matter can be resolved to ensure that our mutually beneficent relationship lasts for as many more. Yesterday, I had the alarming experience of finding several participating year 9 students in a state of intoxication in the boys’ toilets. Upon being questioned, these students revealed that they had been passing around and smoking Kronik, which they said they had purchased from one of the university students on duty at the facility. After making sure the boys were not in immediate danger, my course of action was to determine whether their account of how they acquired the Kronik was accurate or not. I left the boys in the care of

Can Love Be Bought With Money Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Can Love Be Bought With Money - Essay Example In our society, many young girls in search of shortcuts to wealth want to get married to a matured person, preferably of the age of their father. Apparently, it does seem odd but they have a reason for it which they are not quite comfortable revealing. When asked why that is so, most of these girls would reply that they like aged men because they are more decent and matured as compared to young boys. This is hardly ever true! Apparently, when one of these girls gets married to an aged person, it seems that the old man has managed to buy love, but this is mostly false! In a vast majority of cases, the girl chooses to stay with the aged husband because, in the capacity of his wife, she is able to get his signatures on blank cheques. The girls retrieve money and assets from the aged husbands so that they can live a fulfilling life with their young boyfriends once the aged husband dies or they have retrieved sufficient money from him to seek the divorce. These aged men don’t buy l ove but are just used by young girls to become rich. A rich man is apparently able to get more friends than a poor man, but the friends only stay with him as long as they can benefit from his money. Rich men are often hidden in a circle of friends in social gatherings. An outsider may think that the rich man has a very strong personality or is a beloved person, but the fact is that the people around him are there for their personal interests. People seek rich people for friendship so that they can have financial support when they are in trouble.

To what extent is there a responsibility on the part of business Essay

To what extent is there a responsibility on the part of business people to act ethically - Essay Example Nevertheless, the idea of ethics in business has gained momentum and until now much effort is being invested in turning business ethical (eg. Maclagan, 2008; Zolsnia, 2006). In lieu with this, the paper intends to address the question, to what extent is there a responsibility on the part of business people to act ethically? In order to answer this question, the electronic databases Academic Research Premier and Business Search Premier were searched using a combination of the following key terms: business ethics, social responsibility, and organization. Articles written only in English and published from the period of 1990 till 2008 were selected. Articles that provided an analysis of ethics and social responsibility in connection with business were included in the selection. Correspondingly, excluded in the selection were editorials, case studies, commentaries, mimeographs, and pamphlets. The reference list of the articles was searched to identify additional relevant publications. Moreover, it should be noted that the question that will be answered in this paper already has certain assumptions embedded within in the question itself. These assumptions are: first, business people are already expected to act ethically and as such, the necessity of clarifying the ‘extent’ of their responsibility becomes a little urgent. Second, the question also assumes that acting ethically falls within the concept of responsibility attributed to business people. This particular assumption has been criticised on the premise that as scholars in business and organizations continue to assume that acting ethically is a responsibility of business people and business, they fail to provide a clear conceptual analysis of the concept of responsibility (Comite, 2008). Thus, a vague appreciation of the connection between responsibility and acting ethically in

MGMT 483 U5 IP IDP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGMT 483 U5 IP IDP - Research Paper Example The first step in creating IDPs involves a rigorous brainstorming exercise that identifies the level of excellence in one’s current career, and consultation with one’s supervisor for effective guidance. Brainstorming should highlight the areas that exhibit poor performance, and potential ways of improvement. An individual should also consider the available opportunities that if utilized can help in personal development. Such opportunities include, but are not limited to available training and empowerment programs within the workplace. It is critical to highlight opportunities of formal education, such as further education that an individual registers interest in. After brainstorming, one should organize the ideas into goals, according to priorities (Jacobson, 2014). The most critical aspect of the creation of IDPs is the definition of strong goals. They should be specific, measurable, relevant, within an attainable reach, and bound by timelines. For example, one would h ighlight acquiring additional management skills through attending seminars in the next three months. The defined goals should conform to organizational objectives, and should highlight the required competencies, resources and time. An individual should also identify the available options for development, which may range from formal education, experiential learning, lessons from a coach or mentor and participation in group projects (Falcone, 2011). After the creation of an IDP, an individual should present it to the supervisor or mentor for final refining. An effective evaluation framework for assessing the success of the individual in the sectors highlighted should be developed. Evaluation seeks to establish whether IDPs presented any impact on the level of performance of the individual in the career, and other aspects of personal development. The evaluator should assess each aspect highlighted in the IDP, since all

Coca-Cola Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Coca-Cola Company - Research Paper Example Indeed, Coca Cola’s strategic marketing and management processes add to the company’s firmly embedded financial leadership in the non-alcoholic beverage market segment. Introduction Coca Cola’s strategic marketing and management plans catapults the entity as one of the world’s popular non-alcoholic beverages. The research centers on the history of Coca Cola. The research includes producing a financial statement analysis of Coca Cola America. The study incorporates the similarities and differences between the production processes of both Coca Cola America and Coca Cola Mexico. Coca Cola’s strategic marketing and management processes precipitates to the company’s current financial leadership in the non-alcoholic beverage market segment. History of Coca-Cola. Lonnie Bell (2004) emphasized Coca – Cola, the world’s soft drink, was accidentally invented by Dr. John Pemberton. Dr. Pemberton, a pharmacist from Atlanta, Georgia, formulat ed the Coca-Cola syrup using a three legged brass pot. Dr. Pemberton used two chief ingredients for his invention in 1886. The two ingredients are coca plant and the Kola nut. The Coca plant is a good source of Cocaine. However, Dr. Pemberton insisted that Coca Cola contains only 1 % Cocaine percentage. Paul Gootenberg (1999) theorized â€Å"Cocaine made its first appearance in the United States during the 1880s, when physicians first interested themselves in the drug's therapeutic potential. Limited at first to a relatively narrow range of therapeutic use, cocaine's popularity grew far beyond the boundaries of medical practice. By the late 1890s, many observers came to believe that the popular... This paper stresses that Coca Cola’s strategic marketing and management plans catapults the entity as one of the world’s popular non-alcoholic beverages. The research centers on the history of Coca Cola. The research includes producing a financial statement analysis of Coca Cola America. The study incorporates the similarities and differences between the production processes of both Coca Cola America and Coca Cola Mexico. Coca Cola’s strategic marketing and management processes precipitates to the company’s current financial leadership in the non-alcoholic beverage market segment. This report makes a conclusion that based on the above discussion, Coca Cola’s strategic marketing as well as management plan contributes to company’s retaining its century old popularity in the non-alcoholic beverages market segment. The constant innovative changes in the company’s packaging and ingredients translate to the current pinnacle of Coca Cola’s financial success. The financial statement analysis indicates Coca Cola’s innovative and creative production and marketing strategies significantly contribute to Coca Cola’s current favorable financial picture. There are some similarities and differences between the production processes of both Coca Cola America and Coca Cola Mexico. Indeed, Coca Cola’s strategic marketing and management processes metamorphose to the company’s firmly entrenched financial leadership in the non-alcoholic beverage market segment.

Role of Conflict and Power Essay Example for Free

Role of Conflict and Power Essay The Kite Runner, written by Khaled Hosseini, is a novel about power, justice, and both internal and external conflict. The feelings of jealousy and selfishness are continually shown by at least two of the main characters throughout the story. This is also a story of cultural power brought on by the influences of the Taliban within the Afghan society. Power is a constant theme throughout the novel and ties closely with the conflict in the characters. Amir, is the central character and is shaped both in character and intellect by power. He is privileged and wealthy, but also steeped in jealousy and cowardice. He is selfish and guilty of abhorrent behaviors. The one positive strength Amir has is his friendship with Hassan. Considered best friends this is a friendship that is generally one-sided with Hassan showing the loyalty and trust. There is an ongoing conflict for this friendship because Amir shares paternal heritage with Hassan. Hassan was born into servitude and thus Baba, the boys’ father, cannot lay claim to Hassan’s heritage. The Afghan traditions and culture pose a conflict for Baba regarding Hassan. Hassan for his part is loyal, forgiving, and an all-around pleasant person to be with. The two boys are drawn to each other naturally. Hassan is the family servant and never wavers in his loyalty to the family even with the knowledge that he should be considered part of it. At the same time, Baba struggles with his own morals and the rigid Afghani traditions. He is proud and determined but also emotionally detached from Amir. Amir feels the detachment deeply and constantly strives to receive Baba’s affection. There are several characters that tie into the overall story. Ali is Hassan’s surrogate father and also servant to Baba. Assef is the antagonist for the story along with two other boys; Kamel and Wali. Assef is a bully and an abuser. Ultimately he sexually abuses Hassan and Sohrab, Hassan’s son. Assef feels no sorrow or remorse for his actions and  continues to bully people. In the second half of the novel, Farid, Amir’s driver and friend proves to be a valuable and trustworthy friend eventually helping to search for Sohrab. Sharif, is Amir’s uncle by marriage and also proves to be an asset in bringing Sohrab to the United States. There are many more second class characters within the story that have minor roles to the significance of the story. Communication, or the lack thereof, plays an important part to the story. Baba lacks emotional communication with both Amir and Hassan. For Amir, Baba displays his love with gifts and monetary gains. This leads Amir to feel privileged and entitled. He is a selfish child with no real emotional connection to his father. Amir displays jealousy to anyone receiving Baba’s affection no matter how small the significance. This jealousy is directed at Hassan because Amir is taught to believe that servants are beneath him. Hassan for his part, is a good natured child, he forgives easily and comes across almost as naive. Amir behaves terribly toward Hassan, using passive-aggressive tactics to goad Hassan, which never really works to Amir’s benefit. It becomes apparent that although Amir considers Hassan to be his best friend, Amir struggles with the communication necessary to show his affection. When Hassan is raped, it is because Amir betrays him. It isn’t until well after the rape that a grown Amir can effectively communicate his guilt regarding his role in the rape. This guilt eventually leads Amir to search for Hassan’s son. Communication plays another significant role that closely ties culture and relationships. Afghani culture seems to have a specific role for males; emotions are not shown although there is a deep value on morals. The fact that culture plays such an important part is evident within the relationship between Baba and Hassan. Baba cannot publicly announce that Hassan is his son but he can do small favors and give gifts. He can also treat Hassan as a part of the family with deference to direct heritage; son versus nephew. Communication and culture directly affect the issues of power and conflict within the story and the dialogue between the characters. The greatest source of conflict is caused by the fact that Hassan is Baba’s son. Amir is aware of this fact and reacts negatively. Amir is both jealous and cruel to Hassan, yet he also considers Hassan to be his most important friend. The friendship is generally one-sided with Hassan consistently showing his trust and loyalty to Amir even after the next major conflict occurs, Hassan’s rape.  Hassan’s rape is brought on by Amir’s actions. He wants to be the best kite runner and tries to prove himself during a competition with Hassan at his side. Assef shows his true character within this portion of the novel by sexually abusing Hassan. Amir fails to intervene in the rape of Hassan and subsequently struggles with guilt. Amir attempts to atone for his actions throughout the rest of the book. Part of the conflict for Amir is within himself. He allows and unspeakable act to happen to his best friend, then he feels tremendous guilt about not helping him. This guilt ultimately affects Amir’s character and changes the way he sees things. Assef, Hassan’s rapist, shows the magnitude of his power from the beginning towards both boys but eventually directs his power on Hassan. The primary reason for this is because of the culture and way of life and also Hassan’s status within the community. Conflict ultimately leads to displays of power throughout the book. Power is a cornerstone of the events to the story. It is shown in many differing ways from authority and control to and a means to an end. Assef uses his power to prove his social status. He is demeaning, mean, and a bully to those he considers beneath him. The rape is an effect of Assef’s definition of power. The other real source of power comes from the Taliban regime. The Taliban show power over others because they own it and others do not. Power is exclusive to the Taliban because of control and this allows the Taliban to reign over everyone. Baba feels this power and shows his deference to it by following the rules of the culture. These rules eventually lead to the conflict in the story. Power and control can pave the way for a person to either be held under or to allow them to regain control over themselves. When Amir finally discloses his guilt in the final portion of the book, he shows his own power. Amir is able to gain self-worth through his actions to help Sohrab and thus begins to forgive himself for his role in Hassan’s tragedy. Self-disclosure has a purpose in life and Amir uses it perfectly. He is able to confront his own issues while at the same time offer assistance to another. This is a novel that is worth reading. It gives a unique perspective on Afghani culture that a person wouldn’t normally see. There is culture of rigid rules, family dynamics and secrets, as well as how society rules over people.

How does Byron present the lovers Essay Example for Free

How does Byron present the lovers Essay Byron feels very strongly about love, believing it to be a very good thing, especially when found in the young. Thus he presents the two lovers as sweet and beautiful. A third adjective, innocent could be added to the list and in Juans case certainly should be-however, throughout the passage we find hints that it does not apply to Julia. In stanza 106 Byron says that her creed in her own innocence was immense. So she believes forcefully that what she is doing is innocent and not wrong, and yet she knows it is: . she inly swore. she never would disgrace this ring she wore. However, Byron does not damn her for thinking of Don Alfonsos fifty years, instead he justifies this behaviour in the hole of stanza 108. This is most probably because of Byrons own feelings on the matter of love he would not have backed away from extra-marital or adulterous love, believing infidelity to be a social normality. He believed that no shackles should be placed on love; it should be natural, and indeed this is how, to some extent, he does portray the love which blossoms here, though not as much as Juans later relationship with Haidei , unconsciously she leaned upon [Juan] So, Byron shows us that Julia is aware of the wrongness of her impending deed, but he does not condemn her. Indeed it could be argued that Byron presents her infidelity as sweet and innocent in itself. The evidence for this can be found in the rhyming couplet at the end of stanza 105. One hand on Juans was carelessly thrown, Quite by mistake she thought it was her own. Clearly Julia knows the hand is Juans, but the lines are very tongue-in-cheek, and seem to be actually poking fun, very gently, at Julias pathetic attempts to make it seem as if she isnt doing what she is. Byron is amused at her mock innocence and this in turn leads us to see her actions as less brazen and more innocent than they might seem. The fact remains though, that Julia is not innocent of adultery and this is conclusively shown in the lines, Yet still she must have thought there was no harm, / Or else twere easy to withdraw her waist. So she is portrayed, seemingly paradoxically as a sweet and innocent, but knowing, adulterer. Don Juan, on the other hand, being only a young boy of sixteen is portrayed as completely nai ve and innocent. His young lip thanked it with a grateful kiss And then abashed at its own joy, withdrew In deep despair, lest he had done amiss. The reader knows that he is completely nai ve, having previously read of his breeding, which was strictly moral. So it comes as no surprise then that in this, his first romantic encounter, he should be ignorant of what to do and that Byron should portray him as he does. In conclusion then, the lovers are portrayed in some ways similarly but very differently in other respects. Byron reflects his attitude to love in portraying Juan and Julia as helpless in the face of their over-riding emotions he describes love as strengthening the weak and trampling the strong. This conclusion will suffice in the case of Juan but Julia is helpless in a different way. She is more worldly wise than Juan, having been married, and thus, almost certainly, sexual intercourse. She is portrayed as one caught in the middle of two pulling forces her own honour, virtue, truth and love for Don Alfonso, and her love for Juan. She knows that to display this love physically would be wrong, but she does it anyway And whispering, I will neer consent consented. Byron, however, does not condemn her for her actions, because of his belief in the power of love, and he portrays her still as a virtuous and sweet young woman, despite her immoral conduct. A little still she strove and much repented, at the end of the passage shows she is still a woman of integrity, rather than one of loose morals. This is how Byron portrays the individual lovers. Together, they are depicted as a beautiful couple how beautiful she looked, full of the initial exuberance of first love. Byron emphasizes the purity and goodness of their love over its illegitimacy in the eyes of the world and society, justifying it as much by describing its beauty as by showing why Julias marriage with Alfonso is not pure and good in stanza 108. In this respect Byrons portrayal of the lovers in this passage is a continuation of the general theme of the hypocrisy of society in Don Juan. Ironically, Byron shows us, Julias legitimate marriage is un-natural and not really that good, whereas her illegal relationship with Juan is described with beautiful poetry, and is clearly more natural and proper than that of the former.

Human resource management importance in organisations

Human resource management importance in organisations STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION: Human resources management strategy is very important for every organisation to function smoothly. Faced with rapid change organizations need to develop a more focused and coherent approach to managing people. In just the same way a business requires a marketing or information technology strategy it also requires a human resource or people strategy. Strategic human resource management is a branch of Human resource management. It is a fairly new field, which has emerged out of the parent discipline of human resource management. Much of the early or so called traditional HRM literature treated the notion of strategy superficially, rather as a purely operational matter, the results of which cascade down throughout the organisation. There was a kind of unsaid division of territory between people-centred values of HR and harder business values where corporate strategies really belonged. HR practitioners felt uncomfortable in the war cabinet like atmosphere where corporate strategies were formulated. Strategic human resource management is crucial large as well as small companies. In small companies this process may be as simple as the manager or the owner himself taking time to observe employees, along with assisting, assessing and giving regular reviews. However larger companies will require a whole department to be in charge of such activities for the development of employees. The quality of staff members can be improved by meting their needs in such a way that it may benefit the company. Investing in employees and providing them with tools they need to thrive and prosper in the company proves to be a good investment in the long run for the company. So ahead in the literature review we will look in deep about the Strategic human resource management and the company following SHRM in their daily practice and how effective it is for running their organisation effectively. http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585 http://www.accel-team.com/human_resources/hrm_08.html http://www.mba-tutorials.com/human-resource-management/487-shrm-strategic-human-resource-management.html LITERATURE REVIEW: Strategic human resource management is a complex process which is constantly evolving and being studied and discussed by academics and commentators. Its definition and relationships with other aspects of business planning and strategy is not absolute and opinion varies between writers. So there are many definations for strategic human resources management. A comprehensive Human Resource Strategy plays a vital role in the achievement of an organisations overall strategic objectives and visibly illustrates that the human resources function fully understands and supports the direction in which the organisation is moving. A comprehensive HR Strategy will also support other specific strategic objectives undertaken by the marketing, financial, operational and technology departments. Strategic HRM can be regarded as a general approach to the strategic management of human resources in accordance with the intentions of the organisation on the future direction it wants to take. It is concerned with longer-term people issues and macro-concerns about structure, quality, culture, values, commitment and matching resources to future need. It has been defined as: All those activities affecting the behaviour of individuals in their efforts to formulate and implement the strategic needs of business.2 The pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable the forms to achieve its goals Strategic HRM is based on HRM principles incorporating the concept of strategy. So if HRM is a coherent approach to the management of people, strategic HRM now implies that that is done on a planned way that integrates organisational goals with policies and action sequences. A good business strategy, one which is likely to succeed, is informed by people factors. One of the driving factors behind the evaluation and reporting of human capital data is the need for better information to feed into the business strategy formulation process. In the majority of organisations people are now the biggest asset. The knowledge, skills and abilities have to be deployed and used to the maximum effect if the organisation is to create value. The intangible value of an organisation which lies in the people it employs is gaining recognition by accountants and investors, and it is generally now accepted that this has implications for long term sustained performance. http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/strathrm.htm Strategic Human Resource Management by(Randall S. Schuler and Susan E. Jackson) second edition 2007 Blackwell publishing ltd. Defination of strategic human resource management: SHRM has been defined as ‘A distinctive approcah to employment management which seeks to achieve competetive advantage through strategic deployment of highly committed and capable work force using a work force using an array of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. (storey,2001)pg4 Strategic Human Resource Management theory and practice second edition by,( graeme salaman, john storey and jon bills berry)Sage publisher strategic HR inc. Home According to Wright McMahan, 1992, Strategic Human Resource Management refers to: The pattern of planned human resource activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals. Strategic human resource management concentrates on human resouce plans that have long term goals. It has a number of differences with the conventional human resource management methods. It does not focus on matters related to internal human resources. The principal objective of strategic human resource management is to enhance the efficiency of the employees through stressing on business hindrances that take place external to human resources. Objectives for Strategic Human Resource/People Planning For the Organization: There are three goals for this process: Goal 1: Develop the Strategic Human Resource/People Plan/Document and yearly priorities. Goal 2: Ensure successful implementation and change. Goal 3: Build and sustain high performance in people management over the long term. Principal Characteristics of Strategic Human Resource Management: Following are the principal characteristics of strategic human resource management as per Gratton and Truss: There is some type of an express association between the human resource practices and policies and all the strategic goals of the company and the environment of the company There is some co-ordination outline associating individual HR interferences in order to make them reciprocally corroborative. The majority of the responsibility for handling of human resources is delegated downwards http://finance.mapsofworld.com/strategic-management/human-resource.html Strategic human resource management (SHRM) is the purposeful resolution of human resource administration and policy issues so as to enhance a public agencys effectiveness. It requires understanding how personnel functions interrelate in context, recognition of their importance, and commitment by personnel managers, employees, supervisors and political leaders to work together for change (Klingner and Nalbandian, 1998, p. 386). An HR strategy will add value to the organisation if it: Articulates more clearly some of the common themes which lie behind the achievement of other plans and strategies, which have not been fully identified before; and Identifies fundamental underlying issues which must be addressed by any organisation or business if its people are to be motivated, committed and operate effectively. The first of these areas will entail a careful consideration of existing or developing plans and strategies to identify and draw attention to common themes and implications, which have not been made explicit previously. The second area should be about identifying which of these plans and strategies are so fundamental that there must be clear plans to address them before the organisation can achieve on any of its goals. These are likely to include: workforce planning issues succession planning workforce skills plans employment equity plans black economic empowerment initiatives motivation and fair treatment issues pay levels designed to recruit, retain and motivate people the co-ordination of approaches to pay and grading across the organisation to create alignment and potential unequal pay claims a grading and remuneration system which is seen as fair and giving proper reward for contributions made wider employment issues which impact on staff recruitment, retention, motivation etc. a consistent performance management framework which is designed to meet the needs of all sectors of the organisation including its people career development frameworks which look at development within the organisation at equipping employees with employability so that they can cope with increasingly frequent changes in employer and employment patterns policies and frameworks to ensure that people development issues are addressed systematically : competence frameworks, self-managed learning etc. In addition, the HR strategy can add value is by ensuring that, in all its other plans, the organisation takes account of and plans for changes in the wider environment, which are likely to have a major impact on the organisation, such as: changes in the overall employment market demographic or remuneration levels Cultural changes which will impact on future employment patterns changes in the employee relations climate changes in the legal framework surrounding employment HR and employment practice being developed in other organisations, such as new flexible work practices. The six broad interconnected components of this system consist of three planning steps and three execution steps. The top three components represent the need for planning. Organizations must determine their strategic direction and the outcomes they seek. This is usually accomplished with some form of strategic planning. Classic strategic planning is a formal, top-down, staff-driven process. When done well, it is workable at a time when external change occurs at a more measured pace. However as the pace and magnitude of change increases, the approach to strategic planning changes substantially: First, the planning process is more agile; changes in plans are much more frequent and are often driven by events rather than made on a predetermined time schedule. Second, the planning process is more proactive. Successful organizations no longer simply respond to changes in their environment, they proactively shape their environment to maximize their own effectiveness. Third, the planning process is no longer exclusively top-down; input into the process comes from many different organizational levels and segments. This creates more employee ownership of the plan and capitalises on the fact that often the most valuable business intelligence can come from employees who are at the bottom of the organizational hierarchy. Lastly, the strategic planning process less reactive and more driven by line leadership. Once strategic planning is under way, a process must be undertaken by the organization to design and align its HRM policies and practices to provide for organizational success. The remaining step in planning is to determine the quality and quantity of human resources the organization needs for its total force. The rest of the HR strategic system exists for and is guided by these plans, policies, and practices. These execution components contain mechanisms that generate the correct skill sets, invest in staff development and performance, and productively employ them in the organisation. The last component provides a means to assess and sustain the competence and performance of the organization and the people in it with regard to outcomes that the organization seeks. http://gametlibrary.worldbank.org/FILES/844_HR%20planning%20principles.pdf In company called HLB UK LTD the management system, human resource is given due importance while planning goals and long term strategies. The skills that are necessary to meet the organizational goals are developed in employees. This point is considered during the planning phase and included in the policies devised for meeting goals. Nowadays, the human resource department does much more than just recruiting employees for the company. Using the human resource effectively in order to give the company a competitive advantage and completing the set targets, are some of the priorities. The mission statements reflect the strategies, goals and the overall approach of companies. The values inherited and the policies devised by firms are based on the mission statements; which are the driving force that motivate the employees to move ahead. Let us see at the Advantages of Strategic Human Resource Management in HLB UK LTD: There are many advantages and benefits that strategic human resource management offers. It helps analyze the opportunities and threats that are crucial, from the point of view of the company. It is possible to develop strategies and have a vision for the future. The need for competitive intelligence, which is of utmost importance in strategic planning, is fulfilled by means of implementing strategic human resource management. The attrition rate can be reduced, if strategic HRM is implemented properly. It also performs the important task of motivating employees. Development and maintenance of competency among employees, is the most important benefit offered by strategic HRM. It helps determine the weaknesses and strengths of the company, thereby enabling the management to take appropriate measures. It helps keep a check whether the expectations of employees are addressed properly. Business surplus is achieved by making the employees competent enough to deliver the goods. Limitations of Strategic Human Resource Management But at same time there are some limitations as well of SHRM which are faced by the company which are as followes: Resistance to change from the bottom line workers. Inability of the management in communicating the vision and mission of the company clearly to the employees. Interdepartmental conflict and lack of vision among the senior management in implementing the HR policies. The diversity of workforce that makes it difficult for the management to handle them accordingly. Conflict among the employees over the issue of authority and the related fear of victimization. The resistance from institutions such as the labor unions. Changes that take place in the organizational structure. The changing market scenario which in turn creates pressure on the effective implementation of strategic HRM. But if implemented efficiently, strategic human resource management helps in improving the productivity of employees and utilizes their expertise in meeting the company goals. Organizations and companies succeed, or fail, based on the quality and effectiveness of their employees. Todays successful firms recognize that to compete in global markets, they must have world class Human Resource managers who are active participants in strategic and operational decision. Whether they are reengineering the pay and benefits of the company or implementing Total Quality Management (TQM) programs, Human Resources Managers play a central role. The goal of strategic management in an organization is to deploy and allocate resources in order to provide the management with a competitive advantage. It goes Without saying that two out of three classes of resources (organizational and human) Correlated with the human resource functions. Towards maximum effect, the HRM functions must be integrally involved in the companys strategic management process. Strategic management process first analyzes a companys competitive situation, develops its strategic goals and mission, its external opportunities and threats, and its internal strength and weaknesses to generate alternatives. In his second phase, strategic management process determines a plan of actions and deployment of resources to achieve the pre-specified goals. This kind of strategic approach should be emphasized in human resources management. Strategy formulation consists of five major components: Mission is a statement of the organizations reason for being, customers served and their needs, and the technology used. Also presents the companys vision and values. Goals are what the firm hopes to achieve in the medium-to-long term future. External analysis examines the firms operating environment to identify the strategic opportunities and threats. Internal analysis identifies the firms strengths and weaknesses,focuses on the quantity and quality of resources available. Strategic choice is done after the Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats (SWOT) analysis to define strategic alternatives, then the choice is made among these alternatives. http://www.prometa.com/1d3ef1e0.png STRATEGIC APPLICATIONS OF HR BUSINESS FUNCTIONS: Human resources functions refer to â€Å"those tasks and duties performed in both Large and small organizations to provide for the coordinate human resources. The Society of Human Resources Management identified six main functions: 1- HR planning, recruitment, and selection 2- HR development training 3- Compensation and benefits 4- Safety and health 5- Employee and labor relations 6- HR research Activities of the HR planning, recruitment, and selection function are: Performing job analysis that is â€Å" the process of determining and reporting pertinent information relating to the nature of a specific job†. This can be done using a motion Study, a time study or a statistical sample to draw inference about the demands of TacticalApplicationsStrategicApplicationsOperationalApplications Planning, Recruitment and selection Manpower planning Labor force tracking Labor cost analysis and budgeting Turnover analysis Recruiting Workforce planning/scheduling Training and Development Succession planning Performance appraisal planning Training effectiveness Career matching Skill Performanc evaluations Questionnaires, interviews and observation are tools to analysis jobs. This analysis produces job description and job specifications. The following step is the Job designthat is â€Å" the process of structuring work and designating the specific Work activities of an individual or a group to achieve certain organizational Objectives† HR planning that is â€Å" the process of determining the human resource needs of an Organization and ensuring that the organization has the right number of qualified People in the right jobs at the right time†. First of all be familiar With the business strategy, define the impact of this strategy over the specific units Of the organization. Define the skills needed and the additional human resources Required and develop action plans to meet the needs. Methods for forecasting and planning the HR needs: Judgmental methods such as managerial estimates, and Delphi technique. Finally, Scenario analysis using work force environmental scanning data to develop alternative work force scenarios. Brainstorming between managers and HR managers to forecast the future, then the managers will go back to define changing points. Statistical and modeling techniques using historical data to predict the future. Time series analysis, personnel ratios, productivity ratios and regression analysis Benchmarking is to carefully examine internal practice and procedures and measure them against the ways other successful organizations operate. Forecast methods will be compared to other successful organizations. Determining the additional need using both skill inventory and management inventory to specify all available data about the current employees. Depending on a single method of forecasting is not always accurate; in fact a mixture of different types of these methods may be very helpful according to the activity of the organization and type of data. Developing and implementing an action plan to meet the requirements. Recruiting the HR needed to fulfill the organizations goals. Selecting and hiring HR to specific jobs needed. The following figure illustrates the whole process http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/ARADO/UNPAN006257.pdf The areas of business planning, human resources planning, and strategic planning and performance measurement are outgrowths of the desire of managers, stakeholders and stockholders for direction and accountability. These strategic planning sites bring excellent resources to the strategic planning effort. Conclusion: Overall we have seen that the strategic human resource management plays very important role in every organisation which we have seen in case of HLB UK LTD as it increases effenciency of the organisation. A comprehensive Human Resource Strategy plays a vital role in the achievement of an organisations overall strategic objectives and visibly illustrates that the human resources function fully understands and supports the direction in which the organisation is moving. So it is very important for every company weather large or small to have the strategic human resource management as it is the one of the very important tool for business to run smoothly and flexibaly. References: http://ezinearticles.com/?What-is-Strategic-Human-Resource-Management?id=549585 http://www.accel-team.com/human_resources/hrm_08.html http://www.mba-tutorials.com/human-resource-management/487-shrm-strategic-human-resource-management.html http://www.cipd.co.uk/subjects/corpstrtgy/general/strathrm.htm Strategic Human Resource Management by (Randall S. Schuler and Susan E. Jackson) second edition 2007 Blackwell publishing ltd. Strategic Human Resource Management theory and practice second edition by,( graeme salaman, john storey and jon bills berry)Sage publisher http://www.strategichrinc.com/ http://finance.mapsofworld.com/strategic-management/human-resource.html A Strategic Human Resource Management System for the 21st Century. Naval Personnel Task Force, September 2000 http://gametlibrary.worldbank.org/FILES/844_HR%20planning%20principles.pdf http://www.prometa.com/1d3ef1e0.png http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/ARADO/UNPAN006257.pdf

The Internet and Intellectual Property Laws Essay -- Internet Online

The Internet and Intellectual Property Laws With the emergence and growth of the internet, intellectual property laws are much harder to enforce and many people are saying that they are outdated and obsolete. Intellectual property allows you to own your ideas, thoughts, and creativity as you would own a piece of tangible property. The human mind is a creative tool that comes up with ideas, designs, schemes, and inspirations of all kinds. Intellectual property views these ideas as being property. The ideas must also have commercial value and be a tradable commodity otherwise there would be no point to protect it. Intellectual property is basically the ownership of ideas. If one were to write a novel, for which the idea was conceived in there mind, they could copyright that novel so that no other person could steal that idea and write another novel on it. Copyright is a type of intellectual property. The main types of intellectual property are patents, trademarks, trade secrets, and copyrights. There are many issues arising abou t copyright and intellectual property due to the technological advances in the past ten years or so. A patent is a way to protect your invention. A patent makes sure that no other person can make, sell, offer for sale, or import your invention for a certain amount of time, in Canada it is 20 years. Since you have put a lot of time and effort into creating and producing your product, a patent prohibits others from copying your creation so all of your time doesn’t go to waste. This allows you to properly market your creation and prevent competition in the early stages of your commercialization effort. Patentable material includes any â€Å"new and useful art, process, machine, manufacture or composition of ... .../31intell.htm> Intellectual Property. No date. Government of UK. 26 Jan. 2003 > Intellectual Property in Health Research. No Date. HRC 2 Feb. 2003 Levy, Steven. â€Å"Issues of Intellectual Property & Copyright for Educators†. Newsweek. 27 Feb. 1995. 26 Jan. 2003 McCullagh, Dean. â€Å"Judge: Kazaa can be Sued in US†. 10 Jan. 2003. 1 Feb. 2003 Overbye, Morten. â€Å"Teen Cleared in Landmark DVD Case.† 7 Jan. 2002. CNN. 26 Jan. 2003 FootNotes 1Baumer and Poindexter (pg42) 2http://www.bountyquest.com/patent/whatisip.htm 3http://news.com.com/2100-1023-980274.html?tag=lh 4http://www.cnn.com/2003/TECH/01/07/dvd.johansen/

Essay --

BYOD/1:1 CONSIDERATIONS Regulatory Compliance †¢ Children’s Internet Compliance Act CIPA Must have a filter in place that blocks students from accessing pictures Must have a written Internet Safety Policy addressing how they will prevent minors from accessing inappropriate matter on the Internet, safety and security in electronic communications, and other protections. Notice must be given during a public meeting. CIRPA compliant policies must include education for minors about appropriate online behavior, social networking websites and in chat rooms as well as cyberbullying. Schools and libraries must certify that they are CIPA compliant to be eligible for e-rate funding. †¢ FERPA Federal education Rights and Privacy Act o A federal privacy law that affords parents the right to ï‚ § have access to their children’s education records, ï‚ § seek to have the records amended, and ï‚ § consent to the disclosure of personally identifiable information from education records, except as provided by law. How will BYOD or 1:1 effect student records retention? What type of retention policy will you have to write for classroom activities that are recorded on a BYOD. FERPA mandates that you protect a childs pii Health Insurance Portability Accountability Act In general with exceptions for services that are billed out, medical records are considered part of education records amd covered under FERPA, and not HIPAA. †¢ Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) If your school accepts credit cards for processing of student fees or lunches, you will need to be PCI compliant. Policies Student behavior policies need to be re-written. Do you have a cell phone confiscation policy? Strong policies about misuse and cheating need to be written. Po... ...addition to this, all federal regulations will still have to be maintained, such as filters for network access to prevent access to sites covered under CIPA regulations. Network tools need to be in place to identify if a student is using their phone to provide network access to other students. Additional hardware and wireless access points will be needed to supply access to BYOD. Your firewall will need to be evaluated to determine if it can handle the extra traffic. IPads and iPhones will each download updates. Each device will have their own download stream of the same data, usually the same day. This will put peak loads on your Internet traffic. This differs from the Microsoft devices on the inside of your network. Those devices are controlled, and one single stream of data is downloaded, saved on a server, and then distributed on your faster, internal network.

Free Essays: Language in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? :: Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been

When a person is put in an incredibly horrifying situation where the outcome is unpredictable many physical and emotional changes take place. Joyce Carol Oates’s story "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?" places Connie, a typical teenager, in this situation. Throughout the story, occasionally using religious undertones, Connie’s language of a typical teenager gradually changes, from calm and somewhat curious to nervous and terrified. Early in the story on a Sunday morning, Connie’s family leaves to go to a family barbeque down the street. Connie is left by herself and chooses to wash her hair instead of going to church. When she hears a car driving up to her house, her heart starts pounding, she pulls at her hair and says, "Christ. Christ.," not in reference to the Lord or religion in general but because she is worried about how bad she looks. This gives and indication of how the author interprets religion in the story, not important and not serious. As the story progresses, Connie’s language takes an obvious turn. When Arnold Friend, someone she has seen but never talked to, shows up on her doorstep, she is somewhat defensive, but curious. "I ain’t late, am I?" is the first thing he says to her when she opens the screen door. Connie replies by saying, "Who the hell do you think you are?", a typical response of someone in that situation. If a complete stranger showed up at my house and talked to me as though we were best friends I would respond the same way. Throughout the story Oates continues to use vulgar language to illustrate the story and show how much Arnold Friend knows about Connie. The more Arnold talks, the more he reveals about his knowledge of Connie and the things and people around her. Soon, Arnold starts naming off all of Connie’s friends, assuring her, "I know everybody." Arnold also knows things about her that he would know only if he was with her all the time, "I... found out all about you like I know your parents and sister are gone somewheres and I know where and how long they’re going to be gone, and I know who you were with last night..." Connie’s fear of the situation sends waves of dizziness through her body, makes her hands shake, and causes "Her heart [to be] too big now for her chest and its pumping made sweat break out all over her.

The Importance of Lipoproteins and How They Effect Our Body and Through Lifestyle Decisions How Cardiovascular Disease Can Be Prevented and or Controlled.

Hertig,Kathleen(1) The Importance of Lipoproteins and How They Effect Our Body and Through Lifestyle Decisions How Cardiovascular Disease Can Be Prevented and or Controlled. Insoluble in water lipids can be defined. To move lipids like fatty acid, triacylglycerols, steroids and fat soluble vitamins within the blood plasma, a mover protein is needed. Moved from the adipose tissue to the muscle, heart and liver tissues by serum albumin are fatty acids. Moved by the retinol binding protein is Vitamin A.There are steroid moverproteins that move steroids to the aimed cells. Majority of the body’s lipids(phospholipids, triacylglycerols and cholesterol), are moved in the plasma by big complexes called lipoproteins. Lipoproteins makeup a center part of hydrophobic lipids encompassed by a shell of phosphotidyl glycerols and proteins. Protein parts of lipoproteins solubilize the hydrophobic lipids and include the cell targeting signals. Assorted according to their density are lipoprotei ns .The smallest density lipoprotein are the chylomicrons proceeded by the chylomicron remnants, very small density lipoproteins VLDLs, medium density lipoproteins, IDLs, small density lipoproteins, LDLs, and big density lipoproteins, HDLs. The densities of these lipoproteins are correlated to the relative parts of lipids to proteins in the complex. The bigger the protein amount the larger the density of the lipoprotein. (www. tamu. edu/faculty/bmiles/lectures/Lipid%20Transport. pdf). Chylomicrons: Moved from the intestinal mucosa cells to other tissues by lipoproteins that are referred to as chylomicrons, which are dietary lipids.Chlyomicrons are big and have the smallest protein to lipid ratio and therefore have the smallest density of all the lipoproteins. Chylomicrons include phospholipids and proteins on the surface so that the hydrophilic surfaces are in touch with water. The hydrophobic molecules are encompassed in the interior. The major apoproteins of nascent chylomicrons a re apo B-48, apo A-I, apoA-II and apoA-IV. In circulation, the nascent chylomicrons acquire apo-C and apo-E fromplasma HDL in replacement for phospholipids. The acquisitionof apo-CII fromHDL is substantial to start up lipoprotein lipase,LPL.Chylomicrons tie up to membrane bound lipoprotein lipases (LPLs). Lipase, LPL are placed on adipose and muscle tissues where the triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed into fatty acids. The fatty acids are moved into the adipose cell where they are again recombined into triacylglycerols and kept. In the muscle, the fatty acids are oxidized to give energy. As the tissues soak up the fatty acids, the chylomicrons gradually become smaller until they are decreased down to cholesterol enriched remains. As the chylomicron becomes smaller it moves a good portion of its phospholipids and apoproteins A and Cto HDL.The apo C proteins are continuously converted between chylomicrons and HDL. The remains missing apo A and C proteins will not bind to the LPLs in the capillaries. The remains are soaked up by the liver. Chylomicrons tie up to Lipoprotein Lipases in the capillaries of the tissues. Apo-CII is needed Hertig,Kathleen(2) to convert the LPLs. The LPLs hydrolyze the fatty acid ester bonds freeing glycerol and free fatty acids. The fatty acids are soaked up by the endothelial cells that line the capillary.LPL is serine esterase that is located mostly in muscle and adipose tissue. LPL is discharged out of the cell and is shifted to the lumenal surface of the endothelial cells lining the capillary where it is fastened to heparin sulfate. LPL is the most important enzyme responsible in the processing of chylomicrons and VLDLs. (dietheartpublishing. com/node/282). Very Small Densisty Lipoproteins: The liver combines fatty acids and cholesterol and wraps them up for movement into the blood plasma in VLDLs. The cholesterol is unesteried and instituted as a surface component of the lipoprotein.A large cholesterol diet changes the composition o f the VLDL with cholesteryl esters replacing for triacylglycerols as the major constituent of the lipid make up. The major apoprotein is B-100. The liver discharges VLDLs via exocytosis. VLDLs undergoes repeated changes in the plasma. First, the nacent VLDL obtains apo C and E fromHDL. VLDLs ties up to the same membrane bound lipoprotein lipases (LPLs) on adipose and muscle tissues where the triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed into fatty acids. The fatty acids are moved into the adipose cell where they are again recombined into triacylglycerols and kept.In the muscle, the fatty acids are oxidized to give energy. As the tissues soak up the fatty acids and monoacylglycerols, the VLDLs gradually become smaller making IDLs. As the VLDL becomes smaller it moves a good amount of its phospholipids and apoprotein C to HDL. IDLs can adhere to receptors of liver cells where they are soaked up in a manner to chylomicrons, or they can moreover be catabolized by LPLs, lastly unbinding apo-E to form LDLs. LDL,a cholesterol abundant lipoprotein which makes up apo B-100. LDL is the major plasma cholesterol mover. The concentration of LDLs absolutely correlates with coronary heart disease.LDL is sometimes referred to the bad cholesterol. Transporter of plasma cholesterol to the tissues is LDL. It serves as a source of cholesterol for the majority of the tissues of the body. Large levels of LDL are connected with the forming of atherosclerotic plaques that block blood vessels bring about heart attacks and strokes. (http://www. sciencedaily. com/articles/l/low_density_lipoprotein. htm) Small Density Lipoproteins: LDLs tie to particular cell receptors found on the plasma membrane of aimed cells Glycoprotein is the LDL receptor that has a domain with negative charged residues.The LDL binding domain has electrostatic interactions withthe positively charged arginine and lysine residues of apo-B100. LDL receptors go to areas of the plasma membrane that are especially for endocytosis call ed coated pits. They get the name coated pits because of the clatharin protein coat on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. When the LDL ties to the receptor, the clathrin proteins advances endocytosis. When the vesicle is in the cell, the clathrin voluntarily separates from the endosomal vesicle.PH of the vesicle is decreased to such that LDL separates from the receptor. LDL receptors are converted to a reusable material to the cell surface. The vesicle combines with a lysosome which then lowers the lipoprotein to its main components, amino acids, cholesterol, glycerol and fatty acids. The cholesterol is merged into Hertig,Kathleen(3) the intracellular cholesterol pool which is utilized for the membrane. (http://www. sciencedaily. com/articles/l/low_density_lipoprotein. htm) Large Density Lipoproteins: Discharged by the liver and intestinal cells are HDLs.Disk shaped, but they become round as they obtain free cholesterol from cell membranes and triacylglycerols from other lipoprot eins are nascent HDLs. The major function of HDLs is to eliminate excess cholesterol and carry the excess to the liver to be metabolized into bile salts. The duty of cholesterol elimination from the tissues is the inverse relationship between the plasma concentration of HDLs and the prevalence of heart diseases. Commonly known as the good cholesterol HDL. It is the mover of plasma cholesterol back to the liver. Enzymes that contain either esterify cholesterol or move cholesteryl esters are HDLs.Enzyme that circulates with HDL is Lechithin-cholesterol(LCAT)that catayzes the movement of long chain fatty acids from phospholipids to cholesterol to make cholesteryl esters. The lipid core of the Cholesteryl esters occupy HDL . Facilitation, keeping and movement of excess cholesterol is LCAT. It is activated by apo A-I. Exchanged between lipoproteins are Cholesteryl esters. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) which is another protein that circulates HDL. Promotion the net movement of cholesterol esters from HDL to LDL, IDL and VLDL in exchange triacylglycerols is CETP.By this process, it converts VLDLs and IDLs into LDLs. HDLs increase in size they gain apo-E which enlarges the binding of the HDL heads to receptors in the liver. The liver then soaks up and catabolizes HDL. (www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/2642759 ). Dietary Considerations for Prevention and Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease: Vegetable oils that contain trans fatty acids should be removed from diets because of their correlation to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Saturated fats should be consumed in moderation in order to control or prevent cardiovascular disease. An even better combination would be ono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats in place of saturated fats to reduce risk of cardiovascular diease. (Willett). A lifestyle of modifying risk factors can prevent and or control sudden cardiac death in in women. These factors would include not partaking in tobacco product use, weig ht that is healthy and maintained, and a diet that does not include any trans fat and limited saturated fat (Chiuve, Fung, Rexrode, Spiegelman, Manson, Stampfer and Albert). Not enough Vitamin D in our diet can negatively effect our musculoskeletal system and health. Since our heart is part of this system it can effect our cardiovascular health as well.Parathyroid hormone levels become increased with Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. This creates a chain reaction of events, insulin resistance becoming worse, which could cause systemic inflamatory process, high blood pressure, enlargement of left ventricle and diabetes. Increased cardiovasular death, there is a correlation with it and decreased levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. ( Shapees and Manson). Work Cited Adherence to a Low-Risk, Healthy Lifestyle and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death Among Women    Stephanie E. Chiuve, ScD, Teresa T. Fung, ScD, Kathryn M. Rexrode, MD, MPH, Donna Spiegelman, ScD, JoAnn E.Manson, MD, DrPH, Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH, Christine M. Albert, MD, MPH JAMA. Carl S. Swisher Library. 2011;306(1):62-69. doi:10. 1001/jama. 2011. 907. Web. 6, April 2013. www. dietheartpublishing. com/node/282. Web. 6, April 2013. Dietary fats and coronary heart disease. Detail Only Available (includes abstract) Willett WC; Journal of Internal Medicine,Carl S Swisher Library, CIANL. 2012 Jul; 272 (1): 13-24. (journal article – review) ISSN: 0954-6820 PMID: 2258305. Web. 6, April 2013. www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmed/2642759. Web. 6, April 2013. http://www. sciencedaily. com/articles/l/low_density_lipoprotein. htm.Web. 6 April 2013 www. tamu. edu/faculty/bmiles/lectures/Lipid%20Transport. pdf. Web. 6,April 2013. Vitamin D Supplementation for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention—Reply Sue A. Shapses, PhD, JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH JAMA. Carl S. Swisher Library. 2011;306(14):1546-1548. doi:10. 1001/jama. 2011. 1466. Web. 6 April 2013. Paper title:  Week 5 Part B Paper ID:  318310799 Author :  hertig, kathleen The plagiarism detector has analyzed the following text segments, and did not find any instances of plagiarism: Text being analyzed Result binding domain has electrostatic interactions withthe positively charged arginine and OK cquisitionof apo-CII fromHDL is substantial to start up lipoprotein lipase,LPL OK lipoproteins VLDLs, medium density lipoproteins, IDLs, small density lipoproteins, LDLs, OK concentration of LDLs absolutely correlates with coronary heart disease OK Majority of the body’s lipids(phospholipids, triacylglycerols and cholesterol), are moved OK better combination would be mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fats in OK Dietary Considerations for Prevention and Reduction of Cardiovascular Disease: OK Vitamin D Supplementation for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention—Reply OK Results: No plagiarism suspected

Merton Truck

MERTON TRUCK COMPANY Sol 1 : Given : Selling Price od Model 101 truck : 39000 Selling Price of Model 102 truck : 38000 We know, Contribution C = SP – VC VC for Model 101 : Direct Material + Direct Labor + Variable Overhead : 24000 + 4000 + 8000 = $36000 VC for Model 102: Direct Material + Direct Labor + Variable Overhead : 20000+ 4500+8500 = $33000 Let no of Model 101 produced be X Let no of Model 102 produced be Y Z= (39000-36000)X + (38000=33000)Y Z=3000X + 5000Y So objective is to Maximize Z Constraints : 1| Engine Assembly | X + 2Y

Flexible work options Essay

With our personal lives busier than ever, offering flexible work options to your employees could be the best way to keep the good ones around. By offering flexible work options, such as flextime, it will allow employees more family time, go back to school, if desired, to further education, as well as decrease absenteeism at work. Now, who wouldn’t want a job that offered the time allowed to do those kind of things? I know I would. Flexible work hours allow employees more time with their family. It allows more time to spend with their children, and to attend all school programs and plays. It allows a parent the opportunity to be able to take their child to school, and go back to pick them up from school. This makes for happy children which makes for happy parents, which in turn, makes for a happy employee. Happy parents working flexible schedules, are more productive at work and produce better quality of care. Not only does it allow for family time, but employees working flexible work hours are able to return to school on their own, and pursue that college degree they have always wanted. Not only does it allow to obtain a college degree, it allows one to go back to school to further the degree they already obtain. Working flextime allows the time to go back to school without interrupting the work schedule at work. This allows a person to work full time and attend school. Flextime allows the ability for employers to retain key, dedicated employees whose personal needs conflict with traditional work hours. By offering flextime, you’ll gain increased productivity and worker satisfaction, along with decreased absenteeism and turnover; all great money-savers for the company. Flextime helps create a happier, more satisfying workplace, too. Because employees are often so glad that their employers are willing to allow for a work-life time adjustment, they tend to work harder and in a more dedicated fashion to hold on to their now-perfect schedule and re-balance their lives, and actually enjoy coming to work. This is why no one calls-in to work. They love it. To keep happy employees, employers, fathers, mothers, or the entire family, offering flextime is the way to go. It allows for so many benefits, neither one can go wrong with working flexible work hours. It will produce happy parents, happy children, and happy employers. Work progress will improve so much as well as the quality of work provided. With the busy lives of people and everything that is required of some of them, flextime is the best way to go. Going with flextime makes everyone happy. Yay for flextime.

A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings by Gabriel Marquez

Gabriel Marquez is famed with producing a large collection of fine literature. A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings guides readers into the depths of deep moral and spiritual truths—all done through the vision of a children’s tale; yet, it’s far from a simple short story for elementary students to digest. It’s Gabriel Marquez’s method and style that reaches out to the cultured individual as we look at point of view, character construction, and symbolism. Marquez, in fact, is very deliberate in his tone and thematic language which creates the power behind his tale. I will assess this short fiction piece and offer critical evidence to aid in dissecting how and what is the author’s true message: He blended magical realism with satirical undercurrents against the Columbian government. Marquez complicated his meaning by incorporating religion with government upheaval into Columbia, a country based in Catholicism. This steadfast government preferred to control its people instead of creating unity. The characters, too, hide their motive as Gabriel Marquez provides vivid descriptions of why the human mind has become so tainted by its own grip on material vices and following a strict higher order. Materialism and the Columbian government have put up walls, according to Marquez, between the spiritual world and the individual. In fact, an entire village in A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings is so blinded of the true essence of human spirit that they cannot tap into it—even when a village cages an angel in town. Yet, could this1968 publication, an early creation by Marquez instead be a satirical stab at an artist who hopes to fool a small village of simple-minded folks? This idea generates great conflict as readers attempt unravel this complicated piece. Marquez’s story stirred up religion, the Latin American government, and social disharmony. Symbolism surrounding the ideal of his vision of the Latin American government was a tricky undertaking for Marquez. The main reason that this was a risk for Marquez is that if someone were to chastise or publicly mock the Columbian government, the repercussions most often led to the arrest of an individual. The government didn’t allow free-press or speaking out against the government. Since Columbia, by-and-large, is a catholic country Marquez’s angel can be viewed as a symbol of the constant praying done by their lower-class society. They prayed for their freedom, safety, and peaceful survival. It’s very ironic how a poor community is forced to save every peso they work so hard to earn. The limited funds netted by individuals and households winds up being just enough for survival. The government, in turn, looks the other way as it pilfers every peso they can from individuals and families. It’s almost a dictatorial monarchy that could be likened to the story of Robin Hood and the problems he faced when trying to share the wealth with the less fortunate. In Marquez’s story, he showed readers that the people of this simple Columbian village prayed often and deeply to God, praying for an angel to save them from this constant torment. Many times, their prayers were focused solely on having a just government to represent them. They, however, never new what a just, fair legal system was. This small Columbian village and its political practices remained hidden from many neighboring countries. In dissecting this short story, I must look further into symbolism. Marquez also painted a picture of the poor woman in the story. The poor woman is actually the symbol of the poor Columbian people. The poor people prayed; yet, nothing seemed to be going their way—whether they held rosary beads or not. Marquez, in his compassionate, writerly ways used his poetic license when he brought an angel to this community that was in dire need of reconciliation. The angel, however, does not fit the stereotypical white-winged halo of beauty, grace, and heavenly wisdom. Here, the angel arrives on the scene in its crumpled state of near-paralysis. Even the angel’s wings are covered in stench. This stench on these heavy, infected wings is symbolic of a suffering community. Marquez wrote the following to initiate this winged-angel into the story, which created a tone of what was to come from our angel: his huge buzzard wings, dirty and half-plucked, were forever entangled in the mud. This description helps to create the theme of a troubled Latin American society. Every time a new election brings about a different government official or president, there seemed to be a need for spiritual aid for the Columbian nation. They always feel back on spiritual healing, but the healing never came to them. So, to display this, Marquez created the new government official, or president, as an angel coming to save Columbia in hopes of solving their massive problems. It so fitting, and ironic, that Marquez depicts the president as an angel. The president and government were anything but angelic toward its people. So to bring the message home, Marquez described a withered up, decrepit angel that is caged by the community—partly because they didn’t know what to make of this bird-creature. Marquez added in the short story, a poor woman who since childhood had been counting her heartbeats and had run out of numbers; the Portuguese Man who couldn’t sleep because the noise of the stars disturbed him†¦and many others with less serious ailments. Marquez further conveys meaning by creating characters that seem to have something missing. The angel, although it is a fantastic sight with its huge wings, appears to be very human, even ordinary. At best, it’s a disappointed angel that was forced into a standstill by the seeing eye of the people who yearned for a better system of government. We sense upheaval and emotions from the characters, yet he does not create concrete characters that the reader can relate to. There is a purpose to his magic, though. Our angel is described as a helpless angel, one that is caged by the people. Even though he appears to be so weak and unable to even walk, they cage him. This, in effect, symbolizes how the government has instilled decades of fear into the people, blinding them and weakening them. They cannot speak for themselves for fear of being imprisoned by the government. More irony can be seen here because the people are fearful of being imprisoned by the government rule when they are already caged by this oppressive government. The character of our angel creates the style of the story. It is, both fascinating and distressing. Readers discover an underlying source of tension by how ill-mannered they treat this angel-like creation. In reality, we know that people don’t sprout wings. So this is either some kind of monster, a cruel trick, or completely imagined. When the doctor examines this caged winged-man, he feels that the wings are perfect for this creature. He is left to wonder—since he believes the wings are a perfect fit—why God did not grace us with wings as well. They are a natural addition to the old man’s frame. When we look at the logic of the situation, we either feel it has supernatural intentions or its wings were meant to fit him. The author even has Pelayo and Elisenda overcome their own shock and dismay when they, too, feel he is a familiar creature. As readers, we are steered in the same direction and simple acceptance of this winged angel. In fact, none of the people that come to view the winged-man ever question its existence. At the end, we are left to wonder whether he was or was not an actual angel. In any event, he is, at the very least, an old man with wings. The caged angel is placed on a families’ property. The family living on the property are representations of the cabinet of the government figure. Marquez created a poor family for the angel to land on. Once the angel arrives, the family accepts it and discovers a means of generating some income. They use the angel as if the angel were a sideshow freak at a carnival attraction. The people in the village, as displayed by Marquez’s talented ability to create plot, are tainted by conventional wisdom, superstition, and ignorance. This ignorance is something that has been instilled by a government that refused to allow its people to grow and expand their individual knowledge base. Even though the angel is treated distastefully—and the angel appears pensive and even in pain—it is in no way, a bad angel or a representation of the angel of death. He is just a vulnerable creation who is plagued by the heavy burden of his wings. Again, these dysfunctional, stench-ridden wings represent the cabinet of the government that has plagued the community into submission. The following phrase written by Marquez helps signify the fact that these villagers are a people easily swayed by the voice of confidence. First, out of all the people they might call on to help decipher who, what, and where this apparent winged creature came from, the villagers called upon a fortune teller of sorts. Marquez wrote, They called in a neighbor woman who knew everything about life and death to see him, and all she needed was one look to show them their mistake. Marquez, then, related how quickly this apparent all-knowing woman comes to a conclusion about this winged man without more than a bat of her eye at the winged individual. â€Å"He’s an angel,† she told them. â€Å"He must have been coming for the child, but the poor fellow is so old that the rain knocked him down. Here, Marquez uses clever wit to state this woman as either a gifted clairvoyant or another peasant who has found a crafty way to make some money by offering counsel to people in need of aid. In closing, it’s important to remember that several techniques aided in developing the old man’s existence. Marquez used detailed sensory imagery that were visual (his wings, fading hairline, and parasites) and ocular (we could smell this angel and feel his wings brush up against us as it pressed ag ainst the cage. Furthermore, Marquez does not depict the angel as some glorified dove or eagle with thick plumage. Instead, we are given the image of the withering, stench-filled feathers of a buzzard. This, in essence, is the picture we are to visualize when we think of the Columbian government and how it treated its people. Marquez purposely goes against the stereotypical angel and makes his point in poetic fashion. Marquez presents us with a new slant on angels: What if they were real and were nothing like we expected them to be? He develops stress and apprehension between this old man’s dying magical qualities with his equally unclean human characteristics. Thus, we cannot clearly place our character in one mental state. For one, he doesn’t appear omnipotent or heavenly. He does appear to be lost and in the wrong place, unable—or unwilling—to communicate with the people of Columbian. Once again, this symbolically drives home Marquez’s point: The Columbian people are living in a harsh reality of an unjust governing body. In the end, the old man is a stubborn, dying man of flightless wings who has lost his wings of life by sucking the life out of its people.

Bilingualism as a Contributor to Cognitive Reserve - Factors That May Article

Bilingualism as a Contributor to Cognitive Reserve - Factors That May Lead to Delay in Diagnosis of Symptoms of Alzheimers Disease Bilingualism as a contributor to Cognitive Reserve Critique Bilingualism as a contributor to cognitive reserve Critique The article focuses on factors that may lead to delay in diagnosis of symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Schweizer et al, 2012). One of the factors identified is bilingualism. Other factors reported causing delay ions years of education, education, and stimulating leisure activities (Schweizer et al, 2012). Therefore, a sophisticated amount of diagnosis is required to identify the symptoms. The argument in the article is that bilingualism is an environmental factor that acts to produce cognitive reserve (CR) (Schweizer et al, 2012). Moreover, the article argues that acquisition of a second language in an individual makes individual have an elevated mental function. The weakness of the article starts from introduction. First, the authors affirm that there exist imbalance between brain atrophy and level of cognitive functioning. However, the authors describe that the relationship between the two is poorly understood. Second, the authors refute the credibility of use of cognitive reserve. The authors raise doubts on the correlation nature. However, even after raising doubts they go on to use it in the study. On the other hand, the authors agreed to have used computed tomography (CT) scan of participants with probable AD while the article talks of research done on individuals with AD (Schweizer et al, 2012). As a result, doubt is raised on credibility of participants used in the research. Moreover, there is a high chance the result would fail to support the hypothesis based on the number of participants in the study. For example, 40 patients were relied upon to carry out the study. In contrast, none of the research relied upon in the introduction involved such few number of participants. The research relied in hundred of participants due to the seriousness required for such analysis. In addition, the article develops a high sense of credibility. First, the article introduction has relied on several other researchers carried before on the topic. As a result, any claim made by authors in the introduction is supported by scientific research done before. Moreover, the article clarity is achieved by relying on a method that had been tried before in testing the hypothesis. As a result, the article does not raise any doubt on the procedure of estimating whether the hypothesis is true or false. The method is relied on to test the CR hypothesis. Moreover, the article has demonstrated a high standard of ethics. For example, the study first sought approval from the Hospital Ethics Board (Schweizer et al, 2012). However, the article might have faced some limitation. One of such limitations may have been getting clear response from participants as they are physiologically challenged. Moreover, the other limitation may have been in getting adequate number of participants. There are several things to learn from the article. First, I have identified that improved mental function may pose a challenge in the future. However, the article was not appealing due to use of jargon only understood by people specializing in the field of study. A repeat of experiment could enhance the study in various ways. The number of participants could be increased. Moreover, I would like to know what changes takes place in the brain due to high mental function that increases potentiality to AD. Reference Schweizer, T., Ware, J., Fischer, C., Craik, F & Bialystok, E. (2012). Bilingualism as a contributor to cognitive reserve: Evidence from Brain Atrophy in Alzheimer’s Disease. Cortex, 48, 991-996.